This package was approved as a trusted package on 30 Aug 2023. Description. PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language. Much of its syntax is borrowed from C, Java and Perl with a couple of unique PHP-specific features thrown in. The goal of the language is to allow web developers to write dynamically generated pages quickly.PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for web development. It is open-source which means it is free to download and use. It is very simple to learn and use. The files have the extension “.php”. Rasmus Lerdorf inspired the first version of PHP and participated in the later versions. It is an interpreted language and ...PHP $_GET. PHP $_GET is a PHP super global variable which is used to collect form data after submitting an HTML form with method="get". $_GET can also collect data sent in the URL. Assume we have an HTML page that contains a hyperlink with parameters: Wikipedia lists 40 PHP frameworks, but some of those are better described as content management systems, and undoubtedly there are many more. Early PHP frameworks include PHPlib, Horde, and Pear. Most of the big names now launched in 2005 or later. Here are some of the best PHP frameworks in use today.PHP Operators. Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values. PHP divides the operators in the following groups: Arithmetic operators. Assignment operators. Comparison operators. Increment/Decrement operators. Logical operators. String operators.Wikipedia lists 40 PHP frameworks, but some of those are better described as content management systems, and undoubtedly there are many more. Early PHP frameworks include PHPlib, Horde, and Pear. Most of the big names now launched in 2005 or later. Here are some of the best PHP frameworks in use today.pub 2048R/31CBD89E 2016-12-08 Key fingerprint = 5289 95BF EDFB A719 1D46 839E F9BA 0ADA 31CB D89E uid Joe Watkins <[email protected]> pub rsa4096 2021-04-26 [SC] [expires: 2025-11-24] 39B6 4134 3D8C 104B 2B14 6DC3 F9C3 9DC0 B969 8544 uid [ultimate] Ben Ramsey <[email protected]> sub rsa4096 2021-04-26 [E] [expires: 2025-11-24] pub rsa4096 2021-04-01 [SC] F1F6 9223 8FBC 1666 E5A5 CCD4 199F 9DFE F6FF ... PHP Version: 4+ PHP Changelog: PHP 7.2: The headers parameter also accepts an array PHP 5.4: Added header injection protection for the headers parameter. PHP 4.3.0: (Windows only) All custom headers (like From, Cc, Bcc and Date) are supported, and are not case-sensitive. PHP 4.2.3: The parameter parameter is disabled in safe modePHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor". PHP is a server side scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to manage dynamic content, databases, session tracking, even build entire e-commerce sites. It is integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, and ...Download Source Code. This photo editing application is one of those elegantly powerful PHP project ideas that blend JavaScript and PHP to produce a web app for users to create beautiful digital artwork. This PHP project also forces you to use object-oriented programming, which is a great way to hone these skills.PHP User Defined Functions. Besides the built-in PHP functions, it is possible to create your own functions. A function is a block of statements that can be used repeatedly in a program. A function will not execute automatically when a page loads. A function will be executed by a call to the function. Validate Form Data With PHP. The first thing we will do is to pass all variables through PHP's htmlspecialchars () function. When we use the htmlspecialchars () function; then if a user tries to submit the following in a text field: - this would not be executed, because it would be saved as HTML escaped code, like this:PHP Create/Retrieve a Cookie. The following example creates a cookie named "user" with the value "John Doe". The cookie will expire after 30 days (86400 * 30). The "/" means that the cookie is available in entire website (otherwise, select the directory you prefer). We then retrieve the value of the cookie "user" (using the global variable ... strpos () - Search For a Text Within a String. The PHP strpos () function searches for a specific text within a string. If a match is found, the function returns the character position of the first match. If no match is found, it will return FALSE. PHP. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language widely used as a server-side language for creating dynamic web pages. Though its reputation is mixed, PHP is still extremely popular and is used in over 75% of all websites where the server-side programming language is known.A session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables: Aug 1, 2023 · Arrays. ¶. An array in PHP is actually an ordered map. A map is a type that associates values to keys. This type is optimized for several different uses; it can be treated as an array, list (vector), hash table (an implementation of a map), dictionary, collection, stack, queue, and probably more. As array values can be other array s, trees and ... Apr 24, 2023 · PHP is a server-side scripting language, which means that a server executes the instructions in a script. Then, the server provides data on request, channels the requests, and organizes the information in a database. When a web server receives a script, it will process the request and send output to a web browser in an HTML format. PDO will work on 12 different database systems, whereas MySQLi will only work with MySQL databases. So, if you have to switch your project to use another database, PDO makes the process easy. You only have to change the connection string and a few queries. With MySQLi, you will need to rewrite the entire code - queries included.The code editor lets you write and practice different types of computer languages. It includes PHP, but you can use it for other languages too. New languages are added all the time: Learn More If you don't know PHP, we suggest that you read our PHP Tutorial from scratch. Easy Package Management PHP Resource. The special resource type is not an actual data type. It is the storing of a reference to functions and resources external to PHP. A common example of using the resource data type is a database call. We will not talk about the resource type here, since it is an advanced topic. Aug 1, 2023 · Variables in PHP are represented by a dollar sign followed by the name of the variable. The variable name is case-sensitive. Variable names follow the same rules as other labels in PHP. A valid variable name starts with a letter or underscore, followed by any number of letters, numbers, or underscores. Sep 13, 2010 · There is also something called a nowdoc which is like a single quote string in PHP, but these won't let you use variables inside them. It is the start of a string that uses the HEREDOC syntax. A third way to delimit strings is the heredoc syntax: <<<. After this operator, an identifier is provided, then a newline. PHP Version: 4+ PHP Changelog: PHP 7.2: The headers parameter also accepts an array PHP 5.4: Added header injection protection for the headers parameter. PHP 4.3.0: (Windows only) All custom headers (like From, Cc, Bcc and Date) are supported, and are not case-sensitive. PHP 4.2.3: The parameter parameter is disabled in safe modePHP: PHP 8.0.0 Release Announcement. PHP 8.1.23 Released! Change language: Released! PHP 8.0 is a major update of the PHP language. It contains many new features and optimizations including named arguments, union types, attributes, constructor property promotion, match expression, nullsafe operator, JIT, and improvements in the type system ... Option 1: Download through Composer. Use the following command if you have installed the package manager Composer: Important: If you have installed PHPMailer with Composer, you must include Composer in your PHP code to send mails. The following line of code is suitable: The keyword "require_once " ensures the composer is only included once.A session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables:Note that the ; is redundant; as the answers suggest this short-tag expands to an echo with a semicolon added to the end, as per the php documents. – not-just-yeti Oct 5, 2015 at 1:25The optional timestamp parameter in the date () function specifies a timestamp. If omitted, the current date and time will be used (as in the examples above). The PHP mktime () function returns the Unix timestamp for a date. The Unix timestamp contains the number of seconds between the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT) and the time ... The optional timestamp parameter in the date () function specifies a timestamp. If omitted, the current date and time will be used (as in the examples above). The PHP mktime () function returns the Unix timestamp for a date. The Unix timestamp contains the number of seconds between the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT) and the time ... Variables in PHP are represented by a dollar sign followed by the name of the variable. The variable name is case-sensitive. Variable names follow the same rules as other labels in PHP. A valid variable name starts with a letter or underscore, followed by any number of letters, numbers, or underscores.Here's how to run dual PHP instances with PHP 5.2 and any previous PHP on Windows 2003: 1. Right-click My Computer, go to Advanced tab, and click on Environment Variables. Add the two installations and their EXT directories to the Path variable. For example, add: c:\php;c:\php\ext;c:\TMAS\php;c:\tmas\php\ext;PHP Variables. A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age, carname, total_volume). A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable. A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character. A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9 ...PHP is a script on the server-side used for the creation of Static or Dynamic Web sites or Web applications. PHP is a pre-processor for hypertext, which used to stand for home pages. The software used to build web applications is an open-source, server-side scripting language. We say a program designed for automated work by writing a script ...PHP User Defined Functions. Besides the built-in PHP functions, it is possible to create your own functions. A function is a block of statements that can be used repeatedly in a program. A function will not execute automatically when a page loads. A function will be executed by a call to the function. Php login script is used to provide the authentication for our web pages. the Script executes after submitting the user login button. Login Page Login page should be as follows and works based on session.2 years ago. In php there are 3 types of comments. 1.single line c++ style comment (//) 2.single line Unix shell stype comment (#) 3.multi line c style comment (/*/) single or multi line comment comes to the end of the line or come first to the current block of php code.Example Get your own PHP Server. When the user fills out the form above and clicks the submit button, the form data is sent for processing to a PHP file named "welcome.php". The form data is sent with the HTTP POST method. To display the submitted data you could simply echo all the variables. The "welcome.php" looks like this: PHP Resource. The special resource type is not an actual data type. It is the storing of a reference to functions and resources external to PHP. A common example of using the resource data type is a database call. We will not talk about the resource type here, since it is an advanced topic. PHP $_GET. PHP $_GET is a PHP super global variable which is used to collect form data after submitting an HTML form with method="get". $_GET can also collect data sent in the URL. Assume we have an HTML page that contains a hyperlink with parameters:PHP. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language widely used as a server-side language for creating dynamic web pages. Though its reputation is mixed, PHP is still extremely popular and is used in over 75% of all websites where the server-side programming language is known.This package was approved as a trusted package on 30 Aug 2023. Description. PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language. Much of its syntax is borrowed from C, Java and Perl with a couple of unique PHP-specific features thrown in. The goal of the language is to allow web developers to write dynamically generated pages quickly.Dec 26, 2012 · The double arrow operator, =>, is used as an access mechanism for arrays. This means that what is on the left side of it will have a corresponding value of what is on the right side of it in array context. This can be used to set values of any acceptable type into a corresponding index of an array. The index can be associative (string based) or ... Instagram Aug 1, 2023 · The simplest way to specify a string is to enclose it in single quotes (the character ' ). To specify a literal single quote, escape it with a backslash ( \ ). To specify a literal backslash, double it ( \\ ). All other instances of backslash will be treated as a literal backslash: this means that the other escape sequences you might be used to ... 7 Min Read. PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is known as a general-purpose scripting language that can be utilized to create intuitive and dynamic websites. It was among the pioneer server-side language that can be integrated into HTML, making it easier to include functionality to web pages without requiring to call external data.The optional timestamp parameter in the date () function specifies a timestamp. If omitted, the current date and time will be used (as in the examples above). The PHP mktime () function returns the Unix timestamp for a date. The Unix timestamp contains the number of seconds between the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT) and the time ...7 Min Read. PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is known as a general-purpose scripting language that can be utilized to create intuitive and dynamic websites. It was among the pioneer server-side language that can be integrated into HTML, making it easier to include functionality to web pages without requiring to call external data.Jun 9, 2023 · This PHP tutorial, whether you’re a beginner or a professional, our tutorial is designed to provide you with in-depth knowledge of the PHP scripting language. With our PHP tutorial, you’ll learn all the important topics, including control statements, functions, arrays, strings, file handling, form handling, regular expressions, date and ... Select Data From a MySQL Database. The SELECT statement is used to select data from one or more tables: SELECT column_name (s) FROM table_name. or we can use the * character to select ALL columns from a table: SELECT * FROM table_name. To learn more about SQL, please visit our SQL tutorial.Create an Array in PHP. In PHP, the array () function is used to create an array: array (); In PHP, there are three types of arrays: Indexed arrays - Arrays with a numeric index. Associative arrays - Arrays with named keys. Multidimensional arrays - Arrays containing one or more arrays.PHP. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language widely used as a server-side language for creating dynamic web pages. Though its reputation is mixed, PHP is still extremely popular and is used in over 75% of all websites where the server-side programming language is known. Download Source Code. This photo editing application is one of those elegantly powerful PHP project ideas that blend JavaScript and PHP to produce a web app for users to create beautiful digital artwork. This PHP project also forces you to use object-oriented programming, which is a great way to hone these skills. Jan 14, 2021 · If you have permission to SSH into the remote server, use the command line to check the installed PHP version. This method is also useful for checking the PHP version installed locally. 1. Type the PHP command: php -v. 2. The php -v command works on Linux, macOS, Windows, and other supported systems. Its output contains the PHP version number ... Aug 1, 2023 · Basic class definitions begin with the keyword class, followed by a class name, followed by a pair of curly braces which enclose the definitions of the properties and methods belonging to the class. The class name can be any valid label, provided it is not a PHP reserved word. A valid class name starts with a letter or underscore, followed by ... MySQL is a database system used on the web. MySQL is a database system that runs on a server. MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications. MySQL is very fast, reliable, and easy to use. MySQL uses standard SQL. MySQL compiles on a number of platforms. MySQL is free to download and use. MySQL is developed, distributed, and supported by ...Nov 29, 2020 · It is the bitwise shift operator. Specifically, the left-shift operator. It takes the left-hand argument and shifts the binary representation to the left by the number of bits specified by the right-hand argument, for example: 1 << 2 = 4. because 1 (decimal) is 1 (binary); left-shift twice makes it 100 which is 4 in decimal. Jun 9, 2023 · This PHP tutorial, whether you’re a beginner or a professional, our tutorial is designed to provide you with in-depth knowledge of the PHP scripting language. With our PHP tutorial, you’ll learn all the important topics, including control statements, functions, arrays, strings, file handling, form handling, regular expressions, date and ... Description ¶. $_SERVER is an array containing information such as headers, paths, and script locations. The entries in this array are created by the web server, therefore there is no guarantee that every web server will provide any of these; servers may omit some, or provide others not listed here. However, most of these variables are ...pub 2048R/31CBD89E 2016-12-08 Key fingerprint = 5289 95BF EDFB A719 1D46 839E F9BA 0ADA 31CB D89E uid Joe Watkins <[email protected]> pub rsa4096 2021-04-26 [SC] [expires: 2025-11-24] 39B6 4134 3D8C 104B 2B14 6DC3 F9C3 9DC0 B969 8544 uid [ultimate] Ben Ramsey <[email protected]> sub rsa4096 2021-04-26 [E] [expires: 2025-11-24] pub rsa4096 2021-04-01 [SC] F1F6 9223 8FBC 1666 E5A5 CCD4 199F 9DFE F6FF ... Arrays. ¶. An array in PHP is actually an ordered map. A map is a type that associates values to keys. This type is optimized for several different uses; it can be treated as an array, list (vector), hash table (an implementation of a map), dictionary, collection, stack, queue, and probably more. As array values can be other array s, trees and ...PHP is a server-side scripting language designed specifically for web development. It is open-source which means it is free to download and use. It is very simple to learn and use. The files have the extension “.php”. Rasmus Lerdorf inspired the first version of PHP and participated in the later versions. It is an interpreted language and ...PHP can create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the server. PHP can collect form data. PHP can send and receive cookies. PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database. PHP can be used to control user-access. PHP can encrypt data. With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. You can output images or PDF files. A session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables: PHP Projects Free Downloads include around 36 Free PHP projects, 3 Projects built using CodeIgniter, and 36 Paid PHP projects. These projects are very obliging to enhance your skills with attractive web applications, and each Project is well designed for effective and interactive usage. The PHP projects are categorized into versatile topics ...A session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables:Aug 1, 2023 · There are two string operators. The first is the concatenation operator ('.'), which returns the concatenation of its right and left arguments. The second is the concatenating assignment operator (' .= '), which appends the argument on the right side to the argument on the left side. Please read Assignment Operators for more information. A session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables:PHP Collective See more This question is in a collective: a subcommunity defined by tags with relevant content and experts. Featured on MetaAug 1, 2023 · The simplest way to specify a string is to enclose it in single quotes (the character ' ). To specify a literal single quote, escape it with a backslash ( \ ). To specify a literal backslash, double it ( \\ ). All other instances of backslash will be treated as a literal backslash: this means that the other escape sequences you might be used to ... 2 years ago. In php there are 3 types of comments. 1.single line c++ style comment (//) 2.single line Unix shell stype comment (#) 3.multi line c style comment (/*/) single or multi line comment comes to the end of the line or come first to the current block of php code.Create an Array in PHP. In PHP, the array () function is used to create an array: array (); In PHP, there are three types of arrays: Indexed arrays - Arrays with a numeric index. Associative arrays - Arrays with named keys. Multidimensional arrays - Arrays containing one or more arrays.PHP Projects Free Downloads include around 36 Free PHP projects, 3 Projects built using CodeIgniter, and 36 Paid PHP projects. These projects are very obliging to enhance your skills with attractive web applications, and each Project is well designed for effective and interactive usage. The PHP projects are categorized into versatile topics ... Dec 1, 2019 · PHP is a server-side scripting language created in 1995 by Rasmus Lerdorf. PHP is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. What is PHP used for? As of October 2018, PHP is used on 80% of websites whose server-side language is known. It is typically ... PDO will work on 12 different database systems, whereas MySQLi will only work with MySQL databases. So, if you have to switch your project to use another database, PDO makes the process easy. You only have to change the connection string and a few queries. With MySQLi, you will need to rewrite the entire code - queries included.Variables in PHP are represented by a dollar sign followed by the name of the variable. The variable name is case-sensitive. Variable names follow the same rules as other labels in PHP. A valid variable name starts with a letter or underscore, followed by any number of letters, numbers, or underscores.PHP Projects Free Downloads include around 36 Free PHP projects, 3 Projects built using CodeIgniter, and 36 Paid PHP projects. These projects are very obliging to enhance your skills with attractive web applications, and each Project is well designed for effective and interactive usage. The PHP projects are categorized into versatile topics ... The code editor lets you write and practice different types of computer languages. It includes PHP, but you can use it for other languages too. New languages are added all the time: Learn More If you don't know PHP, we suggest that you read our PHP Tutorial from scratch. Easy Package Management7 Min Read. PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is known as a general-purpose scripting language that can be utilized to create intuitive and dynamic websites. It was among the pioneer server-side language that can be integrated into HTML, making it easier to include functionality to web pages without requiring to call external data.There is also something called a nowdoc which is like a single quote string in PHP, but these won't let you use variables inside them. It is the start of a string that uses the HEREDOC syntax. A third way to delimit strings is the heredoc syntax: <<<. After this operator, an identifier is provided, then a newline.Dec 1, 2019 · PHP is a server-side scripting language created in 1995 by Rasmus Lerdorf. PHP is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. What is PHP used for? As of October 2018, PHP is used on 80% of websites whose server-side language is known. It is typically ... Command line options; Option Long Option Description-a--interactive: Run PHP interactively. For more information, see the Interactive shell section.-b--bindpath: Bind Path for external FASTCGI Server mode (CGI only).Select Data From a MySQL Database. The SELECT statement is used to select data from one or more tables: SELECT column_name (s) FROM table_name. or we can use the * character to select ALL columns from a table: SELECT * FROM table_name. To learn more about SQL, please visit our SQL tutorial.
Aug 1, 2023 · Variables in PHP are represented by a dollar sign followed by the name of the variable. The variable name is case-sensitive. Variable names follow the same rules as other labels in PHP. A valid variable name starts with a letter or underscore, followed by any number of letters, numbers, or underscores. . Up w train schedule
PHP - Keep The Values in The Form. To show the values in the input fields after the user hits the submit button, we add a little PHP script inside the value attribute of the following input fields: name, email, and website. In the comment textarea field, we put the script between the <textarea> and </textarea> tags.The double arrow operator, =>, is used as an access mechanism for arrays. This means that what is on the left side of it will have a corresponding value of what is on the right side of it in array context. This can be used to set values of any acceptable type into a corresponding index of an array. The index can be associative (string based) or ...Aug 23, 2011 · Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages. PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. Start learning PHP now ». In this tutorial, you’ll create a user registration form that consists of the following input fields: Username. Email. Password. Password confirmation. Agreement checkbox. Register button. When a user fills out the form and click the Register button, you need to: Sanitize & validate the user inputs.Well organized and easy to understand Web building tutorials with lots of examples of how to use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, Python, PHP, Bootstrap, Java, XML and more. Aug 1, 2023 · FastCGI Process Manager (FPM) Installation. Configuration. Installation of PECL extensions. Introduction to PECL Installations. Downloading PECL extensions. Installing a PHP extension on Windows. Compiling shared PECL extensions with the pecl command. Compiling shared PECL extensions with phpize. PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected ' {' in index.php on line 20. The unexpected symbol isn't always the real culprit. But the line number gives a rough idea of where to start looking. Always look at the code context. The syntax mistake often hides in the mentioned or in previous code lines. Tutorial PHP #01: Mengenal Bahasa Pemrograman PHP. Tutorial PHP #02: Persiapan Pemrograman PHP di Linux. Tutorial PHP #02: Persiapan Pemrograman PHP di Linux dengan XAMPP. Tutorial PHP #02: Persiapan Pemrograman PHP di Windows. Tutorial PHP #03: Memahami Struktur Dasar Sintaks PHP. Tutorial PHP #04: Mengenal Fungsi untuk Mencetak Teks.PHP is a server scripting language, and a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages. PHP is a widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. Start learning PHP now ».PHP User Defined Functions. Besides the built-in PHP functions, it is possible to create your own functions. A function is a block of statements that can be used repeatedly in a program. A function will not execute automatically when a page loads. A function will be executed by a call to the function. 11 years ago. The NOT or complement operator ( ~ ) and negative binary numbers can be confusing. ~2 = -3 because you use the formula ~x = -x - 1 The bitwise complement of a decimal number is the negation of the number minus 1. NOTE: just using 4 bits here for the examples below but in reality PHP uses 32 bits.Command line options; Option Long Option Description-a--interactive: Run PHP interactively. For more information, see the Interactive shell section.-b--bindpath: Bind Path for external FASTCGI Server mode (CGI only).Aug 1, 2023 · Returns a string formatted according to the given format string using the given integer timestamp (Unix timestamp) or the current time if no timestamp is given. In other words, timestamp is optional and defaults to the value of time(). PHP Collective See more This question is in a collective: a subcommunity defined by tags with relevant content and experts. Featured on MetaA session is started with the session_start () function. Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION. Now, let's create a new page called "demo_session1.php". In this page, we start a new PHP session and set some session variables: PHP Operators. PHP Operator is a symbol i.e used to perform operations on operands. In simple words, operators are used to perform operations on variables or values. PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected ' {' in index.php on line 20. The unexpected symbol isn't always the real culprit. But the line number gives a rough idea of where to start looking. Always look at the code context. The syntax mistake often hides in the mentioned or in previous code lines. PHP: PHP 8.0.0 Release Announcement. PHP 8.1.23 Released! Change language: Released! PHP 8.0 is a major update of the PHP language. It contains many new features and optimizations including named arguments, union types, attributes, constructor property promotion, match expression, nullsafe operator, JIT, and improvements in the type system ....
